Walking, running, climbing, jumping, balancing

Riding push toys, ball play (throwing, rolling, kicking)

Outdoor play for strength and coordination

Stacking blocks, puzzles with knobs

Scribbling with crayons, finger painting

Self-feeding, turning pages, simple dressing (zipping, buttoning with help)

Expanding vocabulary through songs, rhymes, and stories

Naming objects, animals, body parts, colors

Encouraging two to three-word sentences

Listening and responding to simple instructions

Puppet play, storytelling, and circle-time conversations

Identifying shapes, colors, and basic numbers (1-5)

Sorting and matching objects

Cause-and-effect play (push-pull toys, stacking, nesting cups)

Simple puzzles and problem-solving activities

Exploring nature and asking "what/why" questions

Parallel play moving toward cooperative play

Learning to share and take turns with guidance

Developing routines (snack time, clean-up time)

Expressing feelings and recognizing emotions in self/others

Building independence (washing hands, tidying toys)

Music, dance, and movement activities

Finger painting, clay play, sponge painting

Dramatic play: dolls, kitchen sets, dress-up corner

Sensory bins (water, sand, rice always supervised)

Rhythm instrument and simple action songs

Identifying animals, birds, plants, and insects

Learning about family members and community helpers

Observing seasonal changes, weather, and nature walks

Simple eco-habits (watering plants, not littering)

Celebrating cultural events and festivals in simple ways

Circle time: greeting, weather, songs, calendar talk

Free play: blocks, pretend play, outdoor play

Structured activities: storytelling, art, language/numbers

Snack & rest time: self-feeding and quiet time

At this stage, children learn best through play, sensory exploration, and routines.